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Raymond Limited - JK Files & Tools
Overview - Strengths - Performance - Highlights
Body
The portion of the drill extending from the extrame cutting end to the commencement of the shank.
Shank
The portion of the drill by which it is held and driven.
Flutes
The grooves in the body of the drill which provides lips, permit the removal of chips and allow cutting fluid to reach the lips.
Web
The central portion of the drill situated between the roots of the flutes and extending from the point end towards the shank. The point end of the web forms the chisel edge.
Lands
The cylindrically-ground surfaces on the leading edges of the drill flutes. The width of the land is measured at right angles to the flute helix.
Body Clearance
The portion of the body surface reduced in diameter to provide diametral clearance.
Heel
The edge formed by the intersection of the flute surface and the body clearance.
Point
The sharpened end of the drill, consisting of all that part of the drill which is shaped to produce lips, faces, flanks and chisel edge.
Face
The portion of the flute surface adjacent to the lip, on which the chip impinges as it is cut from the work.
Flank
The surface on a drill point, which extends behind the lip to the following flute.
LIP
(Cutting edge) The edge formed by the intersection of the flank and face.
Chisel Edge
The edge formed by the intersection of the flanks.
| Type of Thinning
| Effects
| Application
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- For general purpose
- Easy thinning process
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- Large, decrease in thrust
- Minimized skidding or walking of the drill point when starting a hole
- When specially designed heavy web drill
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- For deep-hope drilling
- Automotive crankshaft
- Materials of poor machinability such as stainless steel and heat resistant alloys. (not heavy cutting)
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- Maintains strength of the point
- Excellent cooling effect
- Good chip discharge
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- Same as type S
- For deep-hole drilling
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- Decreases thrust and prevents chipping of cutting edges
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- For heavy cutting
- Used mainly for rails and manganese steel
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Straight Shank Jobber Drills HSS |
| Type of HSS `JK' Jobber Drills
| Range of Application
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| Type `N' RH cutting |
Standard drills for drilling: steel and cast steel, alloyed and non-alloyed, grey cast iron, spheroidal iron, sintered powder metal, German silver, graphite, malleable cast iron etc. |
| Type `H' RH cutting |
For drilling hard, crumbly materials such as brass, magnesium alloys, bronze, phosphor bronze, slate, mica, pertinax, zamak (thin sections), electron (thin sections).
Insulating materials, ebonite, bakelite, galalithe, fibre, celluloid, synthetic resins, horn compounds, eternit, hardboard, perspex and plastic laminates.
For these and similar materials a point angle of 1400 is recommended when drilling in the plane of the laminations: for drilling at right angles to the laminations a point angle of 80-1000will be found to give the best results.
Note: Polishing of the cutting surfaces will improve drill performance in eternit or hardboard.
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| Type `S' RH cutting |
For drilling soft materials forming long stringy swarf, such as: aluminium, aluminium alloys, zinc, refined copper, argalium, soft synthetic materials, wood etc. |
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Which Drills for which materials? |
A) Ferrous Materials
| Material
| Drill Type
| Drill Material
| Point Angle
| SFM
| Feed Range No.
| Coolant
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| Free-cutting and steel hardness up to 72,000 psi (500 N/mm2) tensile strength |
N |
HSS |
118o
(130o) |
95-160 |
4 |
Soluble Oil |
| Non-alloyed carbon steel < 0.4% carbon < 113.000 psi (800 N/mm2) |
N |
HSS |
110o |
65-95 |
4 |
Soluble Oil |
| Non-alloyed carbon steel with < 0.4% carbon hardness 113.000 - 142.000 psi (800-1000 N/mm2) and purified alloy steel with a hardness < 98.000 psi (700 N/mm2) |
N |
HSS |
118o
(130o |
50-65 |
3 |
Soluble Oil |
| Non-alloyed tool steel with a hardness of 113.000-142.000 psi (800-1000 N/mm2) and refined alloy steels with a hardness of 98.000 - 142.000 psi (700-1000 N/mm2) |
N |
HSS |
118o
(130o) |
40-50 |
3 |
Soluble Oil |
| Alloyed tool steels hardness of 113.000 - 142.000 psi (800-1000 N/mm2) and refined alloy steels with a hardness of 142.000 - 170.000 psi (1000-1200 N/mm2) |
N |
HSCO
(HSS) |
118o(130o) |
30-50 |
2 |
Soluble Oil |
| Refined alloy steels with a hardness of 170.000 psi (1200 N/mm2) |
N |
HSCO |
130o |
15-25 |
1 |
Soluble Oil
Cutting Oil |
| Chrome-molybdenum stainless steels |
N |
HSCO |
130o |
25-40 |
1 |
Soluble Oil
Cutting Oil |
| Stainless, austenitic, nickel-chrome, heat resisting steels |
N
S |
HSCO |
130o |
10-25 |
1 |
Cutting Oil |
| Managaxnese steels containing up to 10% molybdenum |
H |
HSCO |
130o |
10-15 |
1 |
Dry |
| Spring Steels |
N |
HSCO
(HSS) |
130o |
15-30 |
1 |
Soluble Oil
Cutting Oil |
| Nimonic alloys |
S |
HSCO |
130o |
10-25 |
1 |
Cutting Oil |
| Ferro-tic |
N |
HSCO |
118o |
10-15 |
1 |
Dry Compressed Air |
| Titanium and titanium alloys |
N
S |
HSCO |
130o |
10-15 |
1 |
Cutting Oil |
| Grey cast iron up to GG 26 and malleable iron |
N |
HSS
(HSCO) |
118o/90o |
50-80 |
5 |
Dry Soluble Oil |
| Hard cast iron up to 350 Brinell |
N |
HSCO |
118o/90o |
25-40 |
4 |
Dry Soluble Oil |
N = standard flute geometry, H = slow helix, S = quick helix
B) Non Ferrous Materials
| Material
| Drill Type
| Drill Material
| Point Angle
| SFM
| Feed Range No.
| Coolant
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| Brass, to MS 58 |
H |
HSS |
118o |
200-260 |
6 |
Cutting Oil |
| Brass, from MS 60 |
H
N |
HSS |
118o |
100-200 |
5 |
Soluble Oil
Cutting Oil |
| Red copper |
N
S |
HSS |
130o |
100-200 |
5 |
Soluble Oil
Cutting Oil |
| Electrolytic Copper |
N |
HSS |
130o |
65-100 |
3 |
Soluble Oil
Cutting Oil |
| German Silver |
N |
HSS |
118o |
65-100 |
3 |
Cutting Oil
Soluble Oil |
| Copper-nickel and copper-tin alloys |
N |
HSS |
130o |
65-100 |
3 |
Cutting Oil
Soluble Oil |
| Copper-aluminium alloys |
N |
HSS |
130o |
30-100 |
3 |
Cutting Oil
Soluble Oil |
| Alloys of copper and berylium |
H |
HSS |
130o |
30-50 |
2 |
Cutting Oil
Soluble Oil |
| Copper-manganese and copper-silicon alloys |
N |
HSS |
130o |
80-100 |
3 |
Cutting Oil
Soluble Oil |
| Pure aluminium |
S |
HSS |
130o |
130-200 |
5 |
Soluble Oil |
| Aluminium-manganese and aluminium-chrome alloys |
S |
HSS |
130o |
130-200 |
5 |
Soluble Oil |
| Aluminium alloyed with lead, antimony or tin |
S |
HSS |
130o |
200-325 |
5 |
Soluble Oil |
| Aluminium-copper alloys containing silicon, magneseium lead, tin, titanium or beryllium |
S |
HSS |
130o |
130-200 |
5 |
Soluble Oil |
| Aluminium-silicon alloys containing copper, magnesium, manganese or chrome aluminium-magnesium alloys with silicon manganese or chrome |
S |
HSS |
130o |
200-325 |
5 |
Soluble Oil |
| Magnesium alloys (electron) |
S
(H) |
HSS |
130o |
260-325 |
5 |
Dry |
| Zinc |
N |
HSS |
118o |
100-130 |
4 |
Soluble Oil |
N = standard flute geometry, H = slow helix, S = quick helix
C) Synthetic Materials, Plastics, Hardboard etc.
| Material
| Drill Type
| Drill Material
| Point Angle
| SFM
| Feed Range No.
| Coolant
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| Hard duroplastics |
H |
HSS |
80o |
30-65
(160-325) |
3 |
Dry (Compressed Air) |
| Soft thermoplastics |
S |
HSS |
130o |
50-200 |
3 |
Water (Compressed Air) |
| Hardboard and the like |
S
(H) |
HSS |
130o
(80o) |
50-80 |
3 |
Dry (Compressed Air) |
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S Drilling in the direction of the layers
H Drilling at the right angles to the layers.
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| State, marble |
H |
HSS
(HM) |
80 |
10-15 |
Hand Feed |
Dry (Compressed Air) |
| Graphite |
N |
HSS
(HM) |
80 |
10-15 |
Hand Feed |
Dry (Compressed Air) |
| Hard rubber |
H |
HSS |
80 |
50-100 |
6 |
Dry (Compressed Air) |
| Perspex |
H |
HSS |
130/70 |
50-80 |
3 |
Water |
N = standard flute geometry, H = slow helix, S = quick helix
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Nominal Chemical Composition of HSS Drills |
| Material |
C |
CR |
MO |
V |
W |
CO |
| M2 |
0.90 |
4.1 |
5.0 |
1.8 |
6.4 |
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| M35 |
0.80 |
4.0 |
5.0 |
2.0 |
6.5 |
5.0 |
| M42 |
1.10 |
3.9 |
9.2 |
1.2 |
1.4 |
7.8 |
| T42 |
1.25 |
3.8 |
3.0 |
3.0 |
10.0 |
10.0 |
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